African Marriage Ritual Photos -- National Geographic

Afar Daughter, Djibouti
Photograph by Carol Beckwith and Angela Fisher
Across Africa, traditional weddings are fading in the wake of modern culture, yet those remaining constitute some of the finest examples of these age-old ceremonies. It took ten years of crisscrossing Africa by four-wheel drive, camel, and mule train for Carol Beckwith and Angela Fisher to chronicle the rituals shown here.
In Djibouti, a veil of gold cannot hide the beauty of an Afar sultan’s daughter. Even among families of modest means, traditional African marriages can be elaborate celebrations that last for days.
These photos and captions were published in the November 1999 National Geographic article "African Marriage Rituals" by Carol Beckwith and Angela Fisher.
Berber Mother and Daughter, Morocco
Photograph by Carol Beckwith and Angela Fisher
Conveying blessings and bittersweet good-byes, a Berber mother in Morocco plants a kiss on her daughter’s knee as she gives her in marriage to a man more than twice her age. Days of feasting will weave into nights of singing and dancing for the bride, who has captured the liver—the Berber embodiment of love—of the man sworn to protect her.
Berber Girl, Morocco
Photograph by Carol Beckwith and Angela Fisher
In Morocco’s High Atlas mountains virgins like 12-year-old H’dda may catch the eye of a suitor at the annual brides’ fair in the village of Imilchil. If her parents approve, a prolonged courtship begins. Under Moroccan law girls cannot marry until 16, but many Berbers keep their own counsel.
Karo Courtship Season, Ethiopia
Photograph by Carol Beckwith and Angela Fisher
In Ethiopia’s Omo River Valley, eligible Karo turn out in all their splendor of paint, beadwork, and aluminum bracelets to join in exuberant dances. An evening of rhythmic dancing and singing will, for many, lead to betrothal, marriage, and a lifetime together.
Karo Woman, Ethiopia
Photograph by Carol Beckwith and Angela Fisher
Relying on nature and trade for what they need, the Karo decorate their bodies to enhance their looks and attract the opposite sex. Here, a woman named Kawo wears face paint that imitates a guinea fowl’s spotted plumage.
Wodaabe, Niger
Photograph by Carol Beckwith and Angela Fisher
Wearing their most potent talismans to enhance their charm, cousins vie for the heart of smiling Mobobo. Among the Wodaabe, nomadic pastoralists in the Sahel of Niger, male cousins who share a special bond will sometimes also share affection for the same girl.
Wodaabe Bride, Niger
Photograph by Carol Beckwith and Angela Fisher
A code of behavior emphasizing reserve and modesty is perfectly expressed in the demeanor of Mojendeybu as she prepares to marry. In customary Wodaabe form, she averts her glance beneath a fringed veil.
Swahili Woman, Kenya
Photograph by Carol Beckwith and Angela Fisher
Elevating a glance to an art form, Khadijah says with her eyes what Swahili women in Lamu, Kenya, are forbidden to say in words. Socially segregated by strict Islamic law, a woman shrouded in a black bui-bui may attract a man’s attention when she appears in public with her friends, but most marriages are arranged.
Hennaed Swahili Bride, Kenya
Photograph by Carol Beckwith and Angela Fisher
A Swahili wedding is filled with rituals designed to beautify the bride and heighten the senses. Before her wedding, Fatima has designs drawn on her limbs with twigs dipped in henna.
Ndebele Marriage Blanket, South Africa
Photograph by Carol Beckwith and Angela Fisher
North of Pretoria, South Africa, Ndebele bride Zanelle stands wrapped in her marriage blanket, which she will wear at special events for the rest of her life. The Ndebele celebrate weddings in three stages, which can take years—the third stage is only completed with the birth of a child.
Ndebele Bride, South Africa
Photograph by Carol Beckwith and Angela Fisher
At the threshold of the freshly painted gateway of a relative’s courtyard, Ndebele bride Zanelle shields herself with an umbrella, a Western accessory adopted by Ndebele women for modesty.
Rashaida Bride, Eritrea
Photograph by Carol Beckwith and Angela Fisher
Veiled behind an elaborate mask called a burga, a Rashaida bride stays in seclusion before her wedding. The Muslim Rashaida are Bedouin merchants and camel breeders, originally from Saudi Arabia, who keep to themselves and marry only their own.
Rashaida Wedding Dance, Eritrea
Photograph by Carol Beckwith and Angela Fisher
A woman breaks into a dance at sunset during a Rashaida wedding week, when guests enjoy camel racing and dancing, as well as feasts of goat meat, wheat porridge, and sweet tea.
Himba Bridal Headdress, Namibia
Photograph by Carol Beckwith and Angela Fisher
A Himba mother places an ekori, a leather marriage headdress passed from mother to daughter, on 15-year-old Kevekaha. When the bride is ritually kidnapped by her new husband and his family, the ekori is rolled down to cover her face.
Himba Wedding Dance, Namibia
Photograph by Carol Beckwith and Angela Fisher
To the beat of singing and clapping, a woman leads the ondjongo dance the day before a wedding. Himba women slather themselves with red ocher and butterfat mixed with herbs and resin, displaying the rich red color of earth and blood that symbolizes life.
Maasai Wedding Day, Kenya
Photograph by Carol Beckwith and Angela Fisher
A single tear marks the moment of farewell for lavishly beaded Nosianai as she leaves her family home in the Loita Hills of southern Kenya. Wedding-day tears may express true sadness among Maasai girls, who submit to arranged marriages with much older men whom they barely know.
Maasai Hut, Kenya
Photograph by Carol Beckwith and Angela Fisher
At her new mother-in-law’s hut, Nosianai follows Maasai tradition by formally refusing to enter until she is satisfied with the gifts her new family offers.